Physics 2018 JAMB Past Questions
Physics 2018 JAMB Past Questions
1. A man walks 1km due east and then 1 km due north His displacement
- A. √2km N 45°E
- B. 1km N 30°E
- C. 1km N 15°E
- D. √2km N 60°E
2. The density of 400cm of palm oil was 0.9gcm-3 before frying. If the density of the oil was 0.6gm-3 after frying, assuming no loss of oil due to spilling, its new volume was?
- A. 1360cm
Correct Answer: Option B
⇒
without any loss in the frying process, we have
Explanation
⇒
without any loss in the frying process, we have
3. Natural radioactivity consists of the emission of
- A. α- particles and β-rays
- B. α- particles and X-rays
- C. α- particles, β - rays and g-rays
- D. γ- rays and X-rays
4.Which of the following is true of an electrical charge?
- A. Positive charge means deficit electrons
- B. Negative charge means excess of electrons
- C. electric current means movement of electrons
- D. All of the above
5. Which of the following does NOT describe the Image formed by a plane minor?
- A. Erect
- B. Laterally inverted
- C. Same distance from mirror as object
- D. Magnified
Correct Answer: Option D
11. What type of reaction is represented by the following scheme?
B.
C.
D.
21.The pitch of an acoustic device can be increased by
26. If the fraction of the atoms of a radioactive material left after 120years is
, what is the half-life of the material?
Correct Answer: Option D
31. Gamma rays are produced when
[h = 6.63 x 10-34Js]
Correct Answer: Option B
36. A semiconductor diode is used in rectifying alternating current into direct current mainly because it
75% = M.A/V.R
75/100 = M.A/5
M.A = 75(5)/100 = 3.75
But M.A = Load/Effort
3.75 = 150/Effort
Effort = 150/3.75
Effort = 40N
Electric energy: energy derived from electric potential energy.
Kinetic energy: moving energy
= 4.0kgms
Final momentum
= (0.8) × (– 5)
= – 4.0kgms
Impulse on ball
= Change in momentum
= 4.0 – (– 4.0)
= 8.0.0kgms
46.The force between the molecules of a liquid in contact with that of a solid is?
= –
= V
V = 20cm.
M =
=
= 1
Electric energy: energy derived from electric potential energy.
Kinetic energy: moving energy
= 5N x 2m
= 10Nm
= 40W
R =
=
= 3.6Ω
54. A beam of light is incident from air to water at an angle of 300. Find the angle of refraction if the refractive index of water is 4/3
r = ?
Shell’s law:. 7 =
= Sin
= Sin
= 0.375
R
= Sin-1 (0.375)
R
= 22.02 R
= 22
C. Taking the specific heat of the water as 4,000Jkg and neglecting that of the container, the final water temperature is
A.
15.0C
Neutron: a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton without electric charge.
Proton: a subatomic particle with a positive charge
Brownian motion is the erratic random movement of microscopic particles in a field.
Diffraction is the various phenomena that occur when a wave encounters an obstacle.
=
= 25km
61. of its height above the liquid surface. The relative density of the liquid is?
Mass of liquid displaced = mass of floating cube = 75kg
Density of liquid =
= × 3
= 0.9 × 103kgm
R.D of liquid = × 103 = 0.9
= 260 × 1.29
= 335.4ms
R = 90W
V = ?
P =
V
= PR = 40 x 90
V
= 3000
V = √3600
V = 60N
But in the case of bigger drops of mercury, the potential energy due to gravity is predominant over the potential energy due to surface tension.Consequently, to keep equilibrium , the mercury drop tends to assume minimum potential energy as possible, the drop becomes oval in shape and lower center of gravity.
Conduction is the transferring of heat by direct contact.
Convection is transferring heat through the motions of fluids (gases and liquids).
P = F x V
F =
P = F x V
F =
B.
MLT
C.
MLT
D.
ML
Pressure = m ×
=
= ML
T
B.
10.0kgms
C.
5.0kgms
D.
2.5kgms
m (v - u)
5 (2.0)
= 5 x 2 = 10.0kgm
= 10.0kgms
B.
C.
+ E2
D.
+ E1
=
Mass of water displaced = = 0.9kg
Volume of object = 9 × 10m
= (9 × 10) (1.4 ×103)
= 1.26kg = 12N
30 - 12.6 = 17.4N
V = 100cm
U = ?
+ =
+ = 5 +
= F =
= 16.7cm
= 17cm
M = 6cm
Recall m = U =
U =
=U =
U = 10
+ =
+ = 6 + =
F =
= 3.75cm
M = 3
M =
V =3u
= +
= -
= U =10cm
D = u + v
= 10 +30 = 40cm
= 1.64Ω
Energy dissipated = power × time = (24)(5)(60) = 7200J
Weight in Water = 15N
R.D =
R.D =
= 3.00
= (3400) × (0.812)
= 136m
=
= 1.79
Explanation
The image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual (the light rays do not actually come from the image), upright, and of the same shape and size as the object it is reflecting.
6
![](https://myschool.ng/storage/classroom/g7YHENr7akuQdsE9gSK5zrYIb9PCVBj3kA1y7yLz.jpeg)
What is the resultant resistance of the circuit in the image shown?
- A. 8Ω
- B. 11Ω
- C. 4Ω
- D. 3.6Ω
7. Which of the
following best describes the energy changes which take place when a
steam engine drives a generator which lights a lamp?
- A. heat ----> Light----> Sound ----> Kinetic
- B. Kinetic ----> Light ----> Heat ----> Electricity
- C. heat ----> Kinetic ----> Electricity ----> Heat and Light
- D. electricity ----> Kinetic ----> Heat ----> Light
Correct Answer: Option C
8. Cathode rays are
- A. High-energy electromagnetic waves
- B. protons
- C. neutrons
- D. streams of electrons
9. A narrow beam of white light can be split up into different Colours by a glass prism. The correct explanation is that
- A. white light Is an electromagnetic wave
- B. the prism has all the colours of the white light
- C. different colours of white light travel with different speeds in glass
- D. white light has undergone total Internal reflection in the prism
Correct Answer: Option C
10
![](https://myschool.ng/storage/classroom/IqCOoigqxCYJZHDD7mLVrZYd78puZDY75dghlC1O.jpeg)
The diagram shown represents a
block-and-tackle pulley system on which an effort of W Newtons supports a
load of 120.0N. If the efficiency of the machine is 40, then the value
of W is?
- A. 28.0
- B. 48.0N
- C. 233.0N
- D. 50.0N
11. What type of reaction is represented by the following scheme?
+ -----> + + energy
- A. fusion reaction
- B. fission reaction
- C. Chain reaction
- D. radioactive decay
12. The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 10kg of Copper by 1K is its
- A. specific heat capacity
- B. latent heat
- C. heat capacity
- D. internal energy
13. The
electrochemical equivalent of silver is 0.0012g/C. If 36.0g of silver is
to be deposited by electrolysis on a surface by passing a steady
current for 5mins, the current must be?
- A. 6000A
- B. 100A
- C. 10A
- D. 1A
14. Shadows and eclipses result from the
- A. refraction of light
- B. reflection of light
- C. defraction of light
- D. rectilinear propagation of light
15.Which of the following obeys Ohm's law?
- A. all metals
- B. diode only
- C. all electrolytes
- D. glass
16. Which of the following statements are TRUE of isotopes?
I. Isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons
II. Isotopes of elements are normally separated using physical properties
III. Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons in their nuclei
II. Isotopes of elements are normally separated using physical properties
III. Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons in their nuclei
- A. I and II only
- B. I and III only
- C. II and III only
- D. I, II and III
17
![](https://myschool.ng/storage/classroom/EwBuLkB969RgdE1hCsDt8lH40HtMukRDcTS6lxjj.jpeg)
In the diagram given the hanging mass m2 is adjusted until m1 is on the verge of sliding. The coefficient of static
- A.
Correct Answer: Option D
18. Which of the following may be used to explain a mirage?
I. Layers of air near the road surface have varying refractive indices in hot weather
II. Road surfaces sometimes become good reflectors in hot weather
III. Light from the sky can be reflected upwards after coming close to the road surface.
II. Road surfaces sometimes become good reflectors in hot weather
III. Light from the sky can be reflected upwards after coming close to the road surface.
- A. I and III only
- B. II and III only
- C. II only
- D. I, II and III
19
![](https://myschool.ng/storage/classroom/Iw242oc8dAuOMOSil9kxKo5xFUyjZP8aXhjaiP50.jpeg)
In the diagram given if the atmospheric pressure is 760mm, the pressure in the chamber G Is
- A. 660mm
- B. 890mm
- C. 690mm
- D. 860mm
20. Which of the following has the lowest internal resistance when new?
- A. Leclanche cell
- B. Daniell cell
- C. Torch battery
- D. Accumulator
21.The pitch of an acoustic device can be increased by
- A. decreasing the loudness
- B. increasing the intensity
- C. increasing the frequency
- D. decreasing the intensity
22. One of the features of the fission process is that
- A. it leads to chain reaction
- B. its products are not radioactive
- C. neutrons are not released
- D. the of the masses of the reactants equals the sum of the masses of the products
23. The linear expansivity of brass is 2 x 10−5 C−1. If the volume of a piece of brass is 15.00cm at 0°C, what is the volume at 100°C
- A. 16.03cm3
- B. 15.09cm3
- C. 16.00cm3
- D. 15.03cm3
Correct Answer: Option B
=
=
Explanation
Volume Expansivity=
=
24.A lead
bullet of mass 0.05 kg is fired with a velocity of 200 ms into a lead
block of mass 0.95 kg. Given that the lead block can move freely. the
final kinetic energy after impact is
- A. 100J
- A. 150J
- C. 50J
- D. 200J
25. In a series
R-L-C circuit at resonance, the voltages across the resistor and the
inductor are 30V and 40V respectively. What is the voltage across the
capacitor?
- A. 30V
- B. 70V
- C. 50V
- D. 40V
26. If the fraction of the atoms of a radioactive material left after 120years is
, what is the half-life of the material?
- A. 20 years
- B. 10 years
- C. 2 years
- D. 24 years
27
![](https://myschool.ng/storage/classroom/wMaUUnvjjP7He9q3u9bpWUYnxYlVmSBamYVCDhlw.jpeg)
In the diagram shown, which of the simple pendulum will resonate with P when set into oscillation?
- A. U
- B. T
- C. R and T
- D. Q and R
Correct Answer: Option B
28.The time rate of loss of heat by a body is proportional to the- A. temperature of its surroundings
- B. temperature of the body
- C. difference in temperature between the body and its surroundings
- D. ratio of the temperature of the body to that of its surroundings
29.A positively
charged rod X is brought near an uncharged metal sphere Y and is then
touched by a finger with X still in place. When the finger is removed,
the result is that Y has
- A. no charge and a zero potential
- B. a positive charge and a zero potential
- C. a negative charge and a positive potential
- D. a negative charge and a negative potential
30. Electrical appliances in homes are normally earthed so that
- A. a person touching the appliances is safe from electric shock
- B. both the a.c. and d.c. sources can be used
- C. the appliances are maintained at a higher pd than the earth
- D. the appliances are maintained at a lower pd than the earth
31. Gamma rays are produced when
- A. high velocity electrons are abruptly stopped in metals
- B. energy changes occur within the nucleus of atoms
- C. energy changes occur within the electronic structure of atoms
- D. electrons are deflected in very strong magnetic fields
32.What is the speed of a particle of mass 10-27kg whose wavelength is 10-8m.
[h = 6.63 x 10-34Js]
- A. 6.63ms-1
- B. 66.30ms-1
- C. 663.00ms-1
- D. 6630.00ms-1
Correct Answer: Option B
E = hf = hV/λ (since V = fxλ)
But in terms of mass M, E = ∆MV2
∴ ∆MV2 = hV/λ
∆MV = h/λ
∴ V = h/λ∆M
V = 6.63 x 10-34/(10-27 x 10-8)
V = 6.63 x 10-34/10-35
V = 6.63 x 10-34+35
V = 6.63 x 10
V = 66.3ms-1
Explanation
Energy of a particle is given byE = hf = hV/λ (since V = fxλ)
But in terms of mass M, E = ∆MV2
∴ ∆MV2 = hV/λ
∆MV = h/λ
∴ V = h/λ∆M
V = 6.63 x 10-34/(10-27 x 10-8)
V = 6.63 x 10-34/10-35
V = 6.63 x 10-34+35
V = 6.63 x 10
V = 66.3ms-1
33.in a series
R-L-C circuit at resonance, the voltages across the resistor and the
inductor are 30V and 40V respectively, what is the voltage across the
capacitor?
i.e. XL = XC
and XL = VL/IL
and XC = VC/IC
Again since the components are in series, the same current flows in the series arrangment
i.e. IL = IC
at resonance, VL/IL = VC/IC
∴ VL = VC
= 40V
- A. 30V
- B. 40V
- C. 50V
- D. 70V
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
At resonance, inductive reactant XL is equal to the capacitive reactance XCi.e. XL = XC
and XL = VL/IL
and XC = VC/IC
Again since the components are in series, the same current flows in the series arrangment
i.e. IL = IC
at resonance, VL/IL = VC/IC
∴ VL = VC
= 40V
34.In the
Rutherford scattering experiment, a beam of alpha particles was fired at
a thin gold film with some of the particles being considerably
deflected. This shows that
- A. a gold nucleus contains protons, neutrons and electrons uniformly distributed in a tiny volume
- B. the gold nucleus is positively charged and is concentrated in a tiny volume
- C. the gold nucleus emitted alpha particles
- D. the gold nucleus is concentrated in a tiny volume and contains alpha particles
Correct Answer: Option B
35 2311Na + Proton → pqX + alpha particle
What are the values of p and q respectively in the equation above?
What are the values of p and q respectively in the equation above?
- A. 10 and 20
- B. 12 and 24
- C. 20 and 10
- D. 24 and 12
Correct Answer: Option C
Represent;
2311Na + 11P → pqX + 42He
Thus from the above equations, p = 20 and q = 10
Explanation
2311Na + Proton → pqX + alpha particleRepresent;
2311Na + 11P → pqX + 42He
Thus from the above equations, p = 20 and q = 10
- A. allows current to flow in either direction
- B. is non-linear
- C. offers a high input resistance
- D. allows current to flow only in one direction
Explanation
A rectifier of an alternating current is a device which allows the flow of current only in one direction
37.if ∆x is the uncertainty in the measurement of the position of a particle along the x-axis and ∆Px
is the uncertainty in the measurement of the linear momentum along the
x-axis, then the uncertainty principle relation is given as
- A. ∆x ∆Px ≥ h
- B. ∆x ∆Px = 0
- C. ∆x ∆Px < h
- D. ∆x ∆Px = ∞
38.When a ship sails from salt water into fresh water, the fraction of its volume above the water surface will
- A. increase
- B. decrease
- C. remain the same
- D. increase then decrease
Explanation
Fresh water is less dense than the salt water, hence when the ship sails in fresh water, it will sink more, thus the fraction of the ship above the water surface will decrease.
39
I. Its velocity is constant
II. No work is done on the body
III. It has constant acceleration directed away from the centre
IV. The centripetal force is directed towards the centre
Which combination of the above is true of a body moving with constant speed in a circular track?
II. No work is done on the body
III. It has constant acceleration directed away from the centre
IV. The centripetal force is directed towards the centre
Which combination of the above is true of a body moving with constant speed in a circular track?
- A. II and IV
- B. I and IV
- C. II and III
- D. I and III
40.The velocity
ratio of a machine is 5 and its efficiency is 75%. What effort would be
needed to lift a load of 150N with the machine?
- A. 20N
- B. 30N
- C. 40N
- D. 50N
Explanation
Efficiency = M.A/V.R75% = M.A/V.R
75/100 = M.A/5
M.A = 75(5)/100 = 3.75
But M.A = Load/Effort
3.75 = 150/Effort
Effort = 150/3.75
Effort = 40N
41. The energy needed to move a unit positive charge around a complete electric circuit is called the
- A. electromotive force
- B. electric potential difference
- C. electric energy
- D. kinetic energy
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Electric potential difference: work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between the two points.Electric energy: energy derived from electric potential energy.
Kinetic energy: moving energy
42. The inner diameter of a small test tube can be measured accurately using a
- A. Micrometres screw gauge
- B. Pair of dividers
- C. Metre rule
- D. Pair of vernier calliper
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
A vernier scale is a visual aid to take an accurate measurement reading between two graduation markings on a linear scale by using mechanical interpolation; thereby increasing resolution and reducing measurement
43.A pulley
system has three pulleys in the fixed block and two in the movable block
and if the pulley has an efficiency of 72%, the mechanical advantage of
the system is?
- A. 36.0
- B. 7.2
- C. 5.0
- D. 3.6
Correct Answer: Option D
= 5 × 0.72
= 3.6
Explanation
Mechanical Advantage = V.R × Efficiency= 5 × 0.72
= 3.6
44.When an atom loses or gain a charge it becomes
- A. An electron
- B. An ion
- C. A neutron
- D. A proton
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
If an atom gains or loses an electron, it becomes an ion. An atom that gains a negative electron, it becomes a negative ion. If it loses an electron it becomes a positive ion
45.A ball of
mass 800g moving horizontally with a speed of 5m/s hits a vertical wall
and rebounds with the same speed. The impulse experienced by the ball
is?
- A. 0kgm
- B. 2kgm/s
- C. 4kgm/s
- D. 8kgm/s
Explanation
Initial momentum = (0.8) × (5)= 4.0kgms
Final momentum
= (0.8) × (– 5)
= – 4.0kgms
Impulse on ball
= Change in momentum
= 4.0 – (– 4.0)
= 8.0.0kgms
46.The force between the molecules of a liquid in contact with that of a solid is?
- A. Adhesive
- B. Cohesive
- C. Magnetic
- D. Repulsive
- A. 0.8Ns
- B. 1.2Ns
- C. 12.0Ns
- D. 80.0Ns
- A. 87N
- B. 73.5N
- C. 133.3N
- D. 533.2N
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
V. R =
m = 20kg
V.R =
= 2
Efficiency = 75%
Load = mg
= 20 x 10 = 200N
Efficiency =
75/100 =
M .A =
M. A = 1.5
Since M. A. =
Force =
= 133.3N- A. Impulse
- B. Momentum
- C. Inertia
- D. Friction
- A. 0
- B.
- C. 1
- D. 2
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Cohesion is the inter-molecular attractive force acting between two adjacent portions of a substance, particularly of a solid or liquid. It is this force that holds a piece of matter together
47.A body of
mass 100g moving with a velocity if 10ms-1 collides with a wall. If
after collision it moves with a velocity of 2.0ms−1 in the opposite
direction, calculate the change in momentum.
Correct Answer: Option A
Change in Momentum = Mass x (change in velocity)
Change in Momentum = Mass x (v - u)
Mass = 100g = 0.1kg
U = 2ms−1
V = 10ms−1
Change in momentum = m (v − u)
= 0.1 (10 − 2)
= 0.1 (8)
= 0.8Ns
Explanation
Momentum = Mass x VelocityChange in Momentum = Mass x (change in velocity)
Change in Momentum = Mass x (v - u)
Mass = 100g = 0.1kg
U = 2ms−1
V = 10ms−1
Change in momentum = m (v − u)
= 0.1 (10 − 2)
= 0.1 (8)
= 0.8Ns
48.A 20kg mass
is to be pulled up a slope inclined at 30° to the horizontal. If
efficiency of the plane is 75%. The force required to pull the load up
the plane is J [g=10ms]
49. The tendency of a body to remain at rest when a force is applied to it is called.
Correct Answer: Option C
There are two numerical measures of the inertia of a body: its mass, which governs its resistance to the action of a force, and its moment of inertia about a specified axis, which measures its resistance to the action of a torque about the same axis.
Explanation
Inertia, property of a body by virtue of which it opposes any agency that attempts to put it in motion or, if it is moving, to change the magnitude or direction of its velocity. Inertia is a passive property and does not enable a body to do anything except oppose such active agents as forces and torques. A moving body keeps moving not because of its inertia but only because of the absence of a force to slow it down, change its course, or speed it up.There are two numerical measures of the inertia of a body: its mass, which governs its resistance to the action of a force, and its moment of inertia about a specified axis, which measures its resistance to the action of a torque about the same axis.
50. An object is placed 20cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10cm. The linear magnification of the image produced is?
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
= –= –
= V
V = 20cm.
M =
=
= 1
51. The energy needed to move a unit positive charge around a complete electric circuit is called the
- A. electromotive force
- B. electric potential difference
- C. electric energy
- D. kinetic energy
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Electric potential difference: work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between the two points.Electric energy: energy derived from electric potential energy.
Kinetic energy: moving energy
52
![](https://myschool.ng/storage/classroom/Z7FyOxkaWmrSBaGl6tDy5saVv3BKspPVDAYAM6EF.jpeg)
A force of 5N acts at a point Y
on a rod XYZ as shown in this diagram. If XYZ is 2m, what is the moment
of the force about point X?
- A. 0Nm
- B. 3Nm
- C. 7Nm
- D. 10Nm
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
Moment = Force × Distance= 5N x 2m
= 10Nm
53. The resistance of a 40W car head lamp, drawing current from a 12V battery is ____.
- A. 0.3Ω
- B. 3.3Ω
- C. 3.6Ω
- D. 4.8Ω
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
Power delivered to head lamp == 40W
R =
=
= 3.6Ω
54. A beam of light is incident from air to water at an angle of 300. Find the angle of refraction if the refractive index of water is 4/3
- A.
15
- B. 18
- C. 22
- D. 24
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
X =r = ?
Shell’s law:. 7 =
= Sin
= Sin
= 0.375
R
= Sin-1 (0.375)
R
= 22.02 R
= 22
55. An electric heating coil rated at 1Kw is used to heat 2kg of water for 2 minutes. The initial water temperature is 30
B.
45.0C
C.
52.5C
C.
60.0C
Correct Answer: Option B
Time = 2mins = 2 × 60 = 120secs
Energy = power × time
1000 × 120 = 120,000J
Energy = mc(θ– θ)
120,000 = 2 × 4000(θ– θ)
θ2 = 30 + 15 = 45 C
Explanation
Power = 1kw=100WTime = 2mins = 2 × 60 = 120secs
Energy = power × time
1000 × 120 = 120,000J
Energy = mc(θ– θ)
θ2 = 30 + 15 = 45 C
56.What flows to the earth by connecting the conductor to the earth?
- A. Electrons
- B. Ion
- C. Neutron
- D. Proton
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
Ion: an atom with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electronsNeutron: a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton without electric charge.
Proton: a subatomic particle with a positive charge
57. Temperature is the property of a body which is proportional to the ____.
- A. total kinetic energy of its molecules
- B. average kinetic energy of its molecules
- C. average speed of its molecules
- D. maximum speed of its molecules
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
[Average kinetic energy of its molecules]
58. The product of force and time is?
- A. Impulse
- B. Momentum
- C. Inertia
- D. Friction
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
An impulse is equal to the net force on the object times the time period over which this force is applied. Impulse is derive from the equation F = ma, which comes from Newton's second law of motion
59. Which of the following concepts is not an evidence of the particles nature of matter?
- A. Diffusion
- B. Brownian motion
- C. Diffraction
- D. Crystallization
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules/atoms from a region of high concentration to low concentration.Brownian motion is the erratic random movement of microscopic particles in a field.
Diffraction is the various phenomena that occur when a wave encounters an obstacle.
60. A car
traveled at a uniform speed of 100km/h, spends 15m moving from point A
to point B along its route. The distance between A and B is
- A. 50km
- B. 25km
- C. 15km
- D. 10kM61. A solid cube of side 50cm and mass 75kg floats in a liquid with
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Distance = speed × time=
= 25km
61. of its height above the liquid surface. The relative density of the liquid is?
- A. 0.33
- B. 0.50
- C. 0.67
- D. 0.90
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
Volume of liquid displaced = (0.5)Mass of liquid displaced = mass of floating cube = 75kg
Density of liquid =
= × 3
= 0.9 × 103kgm
R.D of liquid = × 103 = 0.9
62. A man hears
his echo from a nearby hill 2s after he shouted. If the frequency of his
voice is 260Hz and the wavelength is 1.29m, how far away is the hill
- A. 330.0m
- B. 335.4m
- C. 660.0m
- D. 670.8m
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Recall V = F × lambda= 260 × 1.29
= 335.4ms
63. Which of the following is an essential physical property of the wires uses for making fuses ?
- A. Low density
- B. Hypothermal conductivity
- C. Low electrical resistivity
- D. Low melting point
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
Fuse wires have a low melting point so that if a huge amount of current is passed through it to any appliance than that wire would melt and stop the appliance from getting damaged by not letting the current pass any further.
64. A 40W instrument has a resistance 90 Ohms. On what voltage should it be operated normally
- A. 60V
- B. 150V
- C. 225V
- D. 360V
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
P = 40WR = 90W
V = ?
P =
V
= PR = 40 x 90
V
= 3000
V = √3600
V = 60N
65. Mercury which is spilled onto a glass surface forms ball-like shapes because____.
- A. Mercury is a metal
- B. The cohesive force between its molecules is greater than the adhesive force between mercury and glass molecules
- C. The cohesive force between its molecules is less than the adhesive force between mercury and glass molecules
- D. The viscosity of mercury is height
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
In case of small drops of mercury, the gravitational potential energy is negligible in comparison to the potential energy due to surface tension.Consequently, to keep the drop in equilibrium, the mercury drop’s surface tends to contract so that its surface area will be the least for a sphere and the drops will be spherical.But in the case of bigger drops of mercury, the potential energy due to gravity is predominant over the potential energy due to surface tension.Consequently, to keep equilibrium , the mercury drop tends to assume minimum potential energy as possible, the drop becomes oval in shape and lower center of gravity.
66. Water of mass 150g at 60c is added to 300g of water at 20c and the mixture is well stirred. Calculate the temperature of the mixture.(neglect heat losses to the surroundings)
- A. 33c
- B. 40c
- C. 25c
- D. 10c
- A. Transitional Motion
- B. Rotational Motion
- C. Brownian Motion
- D. Oscillatory Motion
- A. thermionic emission
- B. nuclear fission
- C. thermonuclear fusion
- D. photoelectric emission
- A. X – ray
- B. Y –ray
- C. α – particles
- D. neutron
- A. Convection
- B. Radiation
- C. Conduction
- D. Reflection
Correct Answer: Option A
θ
= 60C; θ = θ
Q= MC (θ – θ)
= 0.15C (60 - θ)
Water 2 => M = 300g = 0.3kg
θ1 = 20C, θ= θ
Q2 = MC (θ– θ)
= 0.3C (θ – 20)
Combining Q1 and Q2
0.15C (60 - θ) = 0.3C (θ – 20)
9 – 0.15θ = 0.3θ – 6
0.3θ + 0.15θ = 9 + 6
0.45 θ = 15
θ = 33.33C
Explanation
Water 1 => M = 150g = 0.15kg,θ
Q= MC (θ – θ)
= 0.15C (60 - θ)
Water 2 => M = 300g = 0.3kg
θ1 = 20C, θ= θ
Q2 = MC (θ– θ)
= 0.3C (θ – 20)
Combining Q1 and Q2
0.15C (60 - θ) = 0.3C (θ – 20)
9 – 0.15θ = 0.3θ – 6
0.3θ + 0.15θ = 9 + 6
0.45 θ = 15
θ = 33.33C
67. Which of the following phenomena is the practical evidence for the existence of the continual motion of molecules.
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
Brownian motion, also called Brownian movement, any of various physical phenomena in which some quantity is constantly undergoing small, random fluctuations.If a number of particles subject to Brownian motion are present in a given medium and there is no preferred direction for the random oscillations, then over a period of time the particles will tend to be spread evenly throughout the medium.
68. The process by which protons are converted into helium atoms with a tremendous release of energy is called?
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
Thermionic emission: thermally induced flow of chargeNuclear fission: nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process
Photoelectric emission: emission of electrons or other free carriers when light shines on a material
69
Which of the following is not a product of nuclear fusion?
α – particle is produced in the process of alpha decay.
Neutron is a sub-atomic particle.
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
Y – Ray is a penetrating electro-magnetic radiation.α – particle is produced in the process of alpha decay.
Neutron is a sub-atomic particle.
70. A room is heated by means of a charcoal fire, an occupants of the room standing away from the fire is warmed mainly by
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Radiation refers to the transmission of energy as electromagnetic radiation from its emission at a heated surface to its absorption on another surface, a process requiring no medium to convey the energy.Conduction is the transferring of heat by direct contact.
Convection is transferring heat through the motions of fluids (gases and liquids).
- A. 60N and 60
- B. 60N and 30
- C. 20√3 N and 60
- D. 20√3N and 30
- A. Conduction
- B. Convection
- C. Expansion
- D. Radiation
- A. Capillary
- B. Surface
- C. Viscosity
- D. Cohesion
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
- A.
- B. ()V
- C. PV
- D.
71
![](https://myschool.ng/storage/classroom/4J1YdQPSvI2tgoWrg674yAWiF4d5PWzZuy7Glmvt.jpeg)
For what values of F and θ will the forces shown in the diagram below be in equilibrium.
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
Resolve vertically, 40cosθ = 20, θ = 60Resolve horizontally, f = 40sinθ = 40sin60
= 40()
= 20√3 N
72. Which of the following phenomena cannot be explained by the molecular theory of matter?
Convection: heat transfer due to bulk movement of molecules within fluids
Expansion: the action of becoming larger or more extensive
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
Conduction: the flow of internal energy from a region of higher temperature to lower temperatureConvection: heat transfer due to bulk movement of molecules within fluids
Expansion: the action of becoming larger or more extensive
73. The friction which exist between two layers of liquid in relative motion is called.
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
Viscosity, resistance of a fluid (liquid or gas) to a change in shape, or movement of neighboring portions relative to one another. Viscosity denotes opposition to flow. The reciprocal of the viscosity is called the fluidity, a measure of the ease of flow. Molasses, for example, has a greater viscosity than water. Because part of a fluid that is forced to move carries along to some extent adjacent parts, viscosity may be thought of as internal friction between the molecules; such friction opposes the development of velocity differences within a fluid. Viscosity is a major factor in determining the forces that must be overcome when fluids are used in lubrication and transported in pipelines. It controls the liquid flow in such processes as spraying, injection molding, and surface coating.
74. A particle
of mass M initially at rest splits into two. If one of the particles of
mass M1 moves with velocity V1 , the second particle moves with velocity
Correct Answer: Option B
75. To keep a vehicle moving at a constant speed V requires power P from the engine. The force provided by the engine is
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
P = F ×P = F x V
F =
P = F x V
F =
76. Which of the following is the dimension of pressure
- A. MLT
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
Pressure =Pressure = m ×
=
= ML
T
77. Palm oil from a bottle flows out more easily after it has been heated because the
- A. Molecules are given energy during the heating
- B. Friction between oil layers is reduced
- C. Oil molecules force each other out
- D. Adhesion between the oil molecules and those of the bottle is increased
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Molecules cannot be given energy during the heating and the molecules of oil cannot force each other out
78. A ball of mass 5.0kg hits a smooth vertical wall normally with a speed of 2ms
. Determine the magnitude of the resulting impulse
- A. 20.0kgms
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Impulse = Change in momentumm (v - u)
5 (2.0)
= 5 x 2 = 10.0kgm
= 10.0kgms
79. The efficiency of energy conversion on the energy flow through a hydroelectric power is?
- A.
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Efficiency ==
80. An object
weighs 30N in air and 21N in water. The weight of the object when
completely immersed in a liquid of relative density 1.4 is
- A. 25.2N
- B. 17.4N
- C. 12.6N
- D. 9.0N
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Weight of water displaced = upthrust = 30 - 21 = 9NMass of water displaced = = 0.9kg
Volume of object = 9 × 10m
= (9 × 10) (1.4 ×103)
= 1.26kg = 12N
30 - 12.6 = 17.4N
81. Which of the
following instruments is most suitable for measuring the outside
diameter of a narrow pipe in a few millimeters in diameter?
- A. Pair of calipers
- B. Meter rule
- C. Micrometer screw gauge
- D. Tape rule
Correct Answer: Option C
82. Electrical power is transmitted at a high voltage rather than a low voltage because the amount of energy loss is due to
- A. Heat dissipation
- B. Production of eddy currents
- C. Excessive current discharge
- D. Excessive voltage discharge
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
The primary reason that power is transmitted at high voltages is to increase efficiency. As electricity is transmitted over long distances, there are inherent energy losses along the way. High voltage transmission minimizes the amount of power lost as electricity flows from one location to the next. How? The higher the voltage, the lower the current. The lower the current, the lower the resistance losses in the conductors. And when resistance losses are low, energy losses are low also. Electrical engineers consider factors such as the power being transmitted and the distance required for transmission when determining the optimal transmission voltage
83. If the focal
length of a camera is 20cm, the distance from the film at which the
lens must be set to produce a sharp image of 100cm away is
- A. 17cm
- B. 20cm
- C. 25cm
- D. 100cm
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
F = 20cmV = 100cm
U = ?
+ =
+ = 5 +
= F =
= 16.7cm
= 17cm
84. The image of
an object is located 6cm behind a convex mirror. If it's magnification
is 0.6, calculate the focal length of the mirror
- A. 3.75cm
- B. 6.70cm
- C. 10.00cm
- D. 15.00cm
xplanation
V = 6cmM = 6cm
Recall m = U =
U =
=U =
U = 10
+ =
+ = 6 + =
F =
= 3.75cm
85. A lens of
focal length 15cm forms on erect image which is three times the size of
the object. The distance between the object and the image is ___.
- A. 10cm
- B. 20cm
- C. 30cm
- D. 40cm
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
F= 15cmM = 3
M =
V =3u
= +
= -
= U =10cm
D = u + v
= 10 +30 = 40cm
86. The photo cell works on the principle of the
- A. Voltaic cell
- B. Emission of electron by incident radiation
- C. Emission of protons by incident radiation
- D. Photographic plate
Correct Answer: Option B
87. When a known
standard resistor of 2.0 is connected to the 0.0cm end of a metre
bridge, the balance point is found to be at 55.0cm
- A. 1.10Ω
- B. 1.64Ω
- C. 2.44Ω
- D. 27.50Ω
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
= = = R= 2 ×= 1.64Ω
88. A resistor connected to a 12V battery draws a current of 2A. The energy dispatched in the resistor in 5 minutes is ___.
- A. 3,600J
- B. 6,000J
- C. 7,200J
- D. 14,400J
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
Power drawn by the resistor = IV = (2)(3) = 24W = 24J/sEnergy dissipated = power × time = (24)(5)(60) = 7200J
89. A solid weighs 45N and 15N respectively in air and water. Determine the relative density of the solid
- A. 0.33
- B. 0.50
- C. 1.50
- D. 3.00
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation
Weight in Air = 45NWeight in Water = 15N
R.D =
R.D =
= 3.00
90. A boy receives the echo of his clap reflected by a nearby hill 0.8s later. If the speed of sound in air is 3.40ms
, how far is he from the hill?
- A. 66m
- B. 136m
- C. 264m
- D. 528m
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
Distance = speed × time= (3400) × (0.812)
= 136m
91.The critical
angle for light travelling from a transparent medium to air s measured
as 340. The refractive index of the medium is
- A. 0.56
- B. 1.50
- C. 1.79
- D. 2.02
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
N ==
= 1.79
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